# Young-Burgess — Young and Burgess classification of pelvic ring injuries

> Classifies pelvic ring injuries by mechanism.

**Situação:** vigente · **Órgão:** Musculoesquelético · **Órgão emissor:** Radiology consensus · **Versão:** 1990 · **Ano:** 1990

## Procedência e vigência
- Família: léxico
- Tipo de lógica: flat
- Modalidade: CT, XR
- Fonte primária: Young JWR, Burgess AR. Pelvic ring disruptions: mechanism of injury classification (Young and Burgess) (1990) — https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544330/
- Última verificação: 2026-06-26
- Última checagem: 2026-06-26

## Categorias

| Código | Rótulo | Critérios | Conduta | Risco | Localizador | Verificado |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| LC | Lateral compression | Lateral compression: a side-directed force that internally rotates the hemipelvis, typically producing a transverse/oblique anterior ring fracture with an ipsilateral posterior (sacral) injury; the most common mechanism and generally the more stable pattern (subtypes LC1 anterior sacral compression, LC2 crescent fracture, LC3 contralateral AP injury). | LC1 is typically stable and managed non-operatively; LC2 and LC3 are unstable and generally require fixation. Use caution with pelvic binders, which can over-compress an internally rotated (LC) pelvis and injure other structures. | Generally the more stable, lower-hemorrhage pattern; closed head injury (not pelvic bleeding) is the most common cause of death in LC injuries. Stable patterns carry ~7.9% mortality versus ~11.5% for unstable patterns. | Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (LC1 stable/non-operative, LC2-3 unstable; binder over-compression caution; head injury leading cause of LC mortality; ~7.9% vs ~11.5% mortality stable vs unstable) | ✓ |
| APC | Anteroposterior compression | Anteroposterior compression: a front-to-back force that externally rotates the hemipelvis, opening the symphysis (open-book pattern) with progressive disruption of the sacrospinous, sacrotuberous, and sacroiliac ligaments; associated with hemorrhage (APC1 minor symphysis widening, APC2 >2.5 cm opening with anterior SI ligament disruption, APC3 complete anterior and posterior SI disruption). | APC1 is minimally unstable; APC2 and APC3 are progressively unstable and require fixation. A pelvic binder can help reduce open-book volume acutely; angioembolization is considered for ongoing arterial bleeding. | Higher hemorrhage risk; the superior gluteal artery is most frequently injured in APC patterns. Unstable patterns carry higher mortality (~11.5%) than stable ones (~7.9%). | Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (APC1 minimally unstable, APC2-3 require fixation; superior gluteal artery most affected; ~11.5% mortality unstable vs ~7.9% stable) | ✓ |
| VS | Vertical shear | Vertical shear: an axially directed force producing vertical displacement of the hemipelvis with complete ligamentous disruption, representing complete (rotational and vertical) instability. | Completely unstable; requires operative stabilization, with a pelvic binder considered in the hemodynamically unstable patient for temporary stabilization. | Complete instability with high associated hemorrhage and injury burden; falls in the unstable group with the higher (~11.5%) mortality. | Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (vertical displacement = complete instability, operative management, binder if hemodynamically unstable; unstable-group mortality ~11.5%) | ✓ |
| CM | Combined mechanism | Combined mechanism: any combination of the lateral compression, anteroposterior compression, and vertical shear force patterns. | No distinct treatment pathway; managed according to its component patterns (stability, fixation, and resuscitation needs of the dominant injuries). | Risk reflects the component patterns; unstable combinations align with the higher (~11.5%) mortality of unstable pelvic ring injuries. | Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (combined patterns managed per component; unstable-injury mortality ~11.5%) | ✓ |

### Citações por categoria
- **LC**: Young JWR, Burgess AR. Pelvic ring disruptions: mechanism of injury classification (Young and Burgess) (1990) — https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544330/ · Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (LC1 stable/non-operative, LC2-3 unstable; binder over-compression caution; head injury leading cause of LC mortality; ~7.9% vs ~11.5% mortality stable vs unstable)
- **APC**: Young JWR, Burgess AR. Pelvic ring disruptions: mechanism of injury classification (Young and Burgess) (1990) — https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544330/ · Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (APC1 minimally unstable, APC2-3 require fixation; superior gluteal artery most affected; ~11.5% mortality unstable vs ~7.9% stable)
- **VS**: Young JWR, Burgess AR. Pelvic ring disruptions: mechanism of injury classification (Young and Burgess) (1990) — https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544330/ · Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (vertical displacement = complete instability, operative management, binder if hemodynamically unstable; unstable-group mortality ~11.5%)
- **CM**: Young JWR, Burgess AR. Pelvic ring disruptions: mechanism of injury classification (Young and Burgess) (1990) — https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544330/ · Evaluation > Classification (Young and Burgess classification); Treatment/Prognosis (combined patterns managed per component; unstable-injury mortality ~11.5%)


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> Conteúdo de referência reescrito. Confira a publicação primária vigente. Não é dispositivo médico nem substitui o julgamento clínico. O radiologista responsável pelo laudo permanece o autor e o responsável.

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